மருத நில மக்கள்
Civilization) Mallar (All the farming as well as warriors group are called as Dravidians,
but they are historically known as Mallars) lived and ruled through out India as
well as other parts of Pakistan,
Bangladesh, Thailand, Laos, Afganistan and Iran. Pandian, Chola and Cheran Kings i.e Malla Kings
came from some other place namely legend and hearsay says from the drowned
continent Lemuria and they were settled in South India and contributed more to
the development agriculture, brought different spices of plants like paddy,
banana, turmeric, beatle nuts, palm tree, dug wells, created agriculture lands
and formed the villages as well as cities, spread the Tamil language by
organizing Tamil Sangam. Mallar also devised the noble rule of war and
democracy. Lord Buddha liked the Malla Kingdoms, lived and spent his last years
in the Malla Kingdom and died among the Mallars.
Who
is Mallar?
Mallar is historically one of the oldest
tribes in india. They are the root cause of ancient civilization as well as the
basis for Buddism, Saivaism, Vishnavism (but brahmanism i.e hinduism was one
hijacked from saivaism and vishnavism) in India and mentioned in the Mahabaratha
as well as buddhist literatures. These racial peoples are mostly
agriculturalists in Tamil Nadu, Sri Lanka
and amongst the tamil diaspora. The Great Mallar race
Devendirar also prefixes Pallan,
Kudumban, Kaladi, Mooppan, Kadaignyar, Pannadi, Devendrakulathar Palagan,
Vaigarar and Vathiriyar along with their name. The members of
the above caste collectively called as Devendira Kula Vellalar or Devendirar. The Devendirars are rich heritage peoples with long habitual
agricultural as well as social ethics. The Pallar previously known as Devendirar
as well as Mallar, Mallas, Malla, Mallan and Malicos. The
Mallars are the descendents of the
famous ancient Tamil Kings Cheras, Cholas, Pandyas and Pallavas as well as Lord
Indra i.e Buddha.
In ancient India, the agriculture
was the noble profession and treated as the first citizens among the society. The
group of racial people engaged the agricultural activities during peace time
and warriors during war time called as Mallar. Lord Shiva, Goddess Durga,
Parvathi, Seelaikari Amman, Kali Amman, Amman, Lord Vishnu, Goddess Lakshmi,
Lord Murugan, Lord Krisha are all mentioned as Mallar in ancient literature and
most of the said temples in South India constructed by the Devendirar. The
Mallar were also great devotees of Buddha and spread Buddhism during and after
the life of Buddha.
Devendirar are one of the
traditional and one among the original inhabitant of Tamil Nadu. Devendirar are presently living at river
belt, canal irrigated area as well as such other irrigated area and in some
extend at rainfed area. It is mainly due to the agriculture as the Devendirar’s
primary profession. Devendirar are well equipped with traditional agriculture
knowledge. The Devendirar also well versed about the conversion of salaine,
alkali, acid, as well as waste land in to the cultivable lands. Still these
peoples are supplying the majority of agricultural produce to the Tamil Nadu.
The cultivable lands and its adjacent area are called as Marutham.
Traditionally the Devendirar are fight against the untouchables over a period
of 400 years.The Devendirar natures as well as their day to life activities
such as agriculture with valuable life ethics alone the greatest evidence for
proving the Devendirar belonging to the mallar race. The warrior nature of
Devendirar along with agricultural profession still shows the greatest icon to
the other racial people. The groups of Mallar racial peoples of Devendirar are
self disciplined people with truth as their part of life ethics.
Devendirar Genetics
According to Sengupta et al study reveals that Devendirar have
y-chromosome-haplogroups that show a curious mi ...x of south Asian Haplogroups.
Their biggest lineage is r1a1 which forms 24% of their male
population. This y-chromosome lineage predominates north-west of the indian
subcontinent. They also have l1 and l3 where l1 is one of the most common
haplogroup in south india with an appreciable presence in north india and
pakistan, l3 is mostly observed among pakistanis and almost absent among south
indians. Other pan-indian haplogroups like h, r2 and j2 are observed at frequencies greater
than 10%. The said research shows the greatest evidence for Devendirar spread
in various parts of india as well as Pakistan due to the Indus Valley
Civilization was belonging to the Devendirar and their Mallar race.
Who is Devendirar?
The word Indra denotes that ‘ind’,
meaning “to be powerful” and also means “to tear enemies apart”. Lord Indra is
said to have the power to invoke rain. It is therefore customary on hot dry
spells to pray Indra for rain. Lord Indra
has been the protector of mankind against the evil forces. Lord indra is also
believed to have the power to revive slain warriors who had fallen in battle. Indra was
the name given to the king of the Devas (title for the king of devas). The
word Indra was coined from Devar-Vendan (Vendan meaning king in Tamil), meaning
king of Devas, then was called as Deva-Vendan later on by Devendirar. The Buddha literatures revels that indiran
meaning one who controls his/her five external body parts from the desire with
well equipped self discipline human being for attaining the infinity i.e
Nirvana. The Indiran brings all powers by using his/her own by the way of
meditation along with self discipline. This type of activities brings all
success in to the life as well as universal peace. The follower of the great powerful
personality Devendiran called as Devendirar. But the great Mallar race, the Devendirar’s
Devendiran is entirely different from the Aryan’s Indra. The Devendirar
originally the follower of life ethics with the concept of buddha as their role
model. Hence Devendirar Indra is Lord Buddha i.e Devendirar. Indra or
sakra is the name of a powerful god referred in Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism.
Sakra means powerful, thus Sakra / Indra / Devendirar is a god with great
power. Sakra or sakka in buddhism is referred as the ruler of the Trayastrimsa
Heaven. The full name of sakra is ‘Sakro Devanam Indra’ means ‘sakra, lord of
the devas’. In the legendary stories of Sakra mentioned in Buddhist text is
different from the Hindu’s Indra.
In Buddhism,
Sakra and Hindu’s Indra are independent identity. Sakra is the emperor of
trayastrimsa heaven which is located on the top of mountain Meru. This paradise
is predicted to be the polar center of the material world, around which the sun
and moon rotate. Trayastrimsa is the highest of all the heavens and is in
direct contact with the earth. The god sakra is long-lasting but mortal. It is
believed that when one sakra dies, his place is taken by another deity who
becomes the new Sakra. In the jataka stories and several sutras sakra is
mentioned. Sakra married suja, the daughter of vemacitrin, the Asura chief. In
spite of this marriage there is still war between the Asuras and Gods. Still Sakra
manages to resolve with minimum violence and without loss of life.
In Jainism Sakra or Lord Indra
and his wife Sachi is portrayed to be riding the
eternal elephant Airavata. In jain texts sakra appears several times as a name
of the king of the Devas. According to the Hindu religion, Indra is the king of
gods. He is the counterpart of zeus or jupiter of the greek or roman mythology.
Hindu mythology praises him as the ruler of heaven. Indra is the eldest son of
sage kasyapa and goddess aditi.
He is the great grandson of lord Brahma,
the creator. However, Devendirar Venden is entirely different from Aryan’s
Indra.
Who is worshiped as a
Siva among the Mallar?
Lord Siva represents eternity and infinity with
any form and shape and without form and shape, visible and invisible. When a
great Malla King died, his body was kept in the soil and a Lingum was erected.
Then a siva temple was built on the site. So a Malla King who left the world
and joined eternity was represented by the lingam (formless, infinite and
eternal) who reached Lord Siva (The temple built on the cremation of Raja Raja
Chola was found recently in darasaram, near Kumbakonam in Tanjavur district of
Tamil Nadu). The lingams in indus valley represent the same as explained above.
Who is worshiped as a Perumal among the Mallar?
In
olden days the king was the protector and also considered a living god. The
king or chief of several chiefs of villages was called as Perumal (an elected one
time tenure of 12 years). It is to be noted as Lord Vishnu otherwise known as Perumal
in Tamil Nadu. So the living king, the protector of the nation and his subjects
represented as Lord Vishnu.
The kings or Perumal with extraordinary valour, talent and who performed well
were considered ...as god. Note Perumal was later equated to Lord Vishnu. In Tamilnadu
even today Vishnu temples are called Perumal temples. Note the similarity of
roles. Lord vishnu / perumal is considered the protector. In ancient Malla culture
the kings / Perumals were the protectors of the nation.
History
of Rasakkal Kovil - a king temple
When a great Malla king died he was
cremated and in due course of time a Siva temple was built at the place of
cremation. When a great and good malla queen died, she was cremated and in due
course of time an amman temple was built at the same place of the King. The
temples constructed accordingly called as Rasakkal Kovil. The Devendirar are
still owned the Rasakkal Kovil in various parts of Tamil Nadu.
Devendirar’s
Code of conduct of War
The Mallar noble rule of war was noble
than what is now devised in the United Nations international rules of war. Some
of them includes Viz., fight at a designated battlefield at designated time;
Begin the war after sunrise with the blow of horn when both armies are ready to
fight and stop the war before sunset with the blow of horn; Fight only those
designated as soldiers with weapon and ready to fight; Do not engage in a fight
with soldiers that run from the battlefield; The Mallars also thought dying in
a war fighting is martyr rather than running away as a coward once initially
agreed to fight. The Greek travelers were so amazed to saw the people working
in farmlands unharmed and without intervention when two armies were fighting in
a near by battlefield. The above point clearly indicates that the Mallar i.e
Devendirar are the self discipline peoples with life ethics for their entire
life.
Devendirar
Vs Self Government
The Mallar had different forms of
democracy and means of choosing the leader. The village’s chiefs were chosen
through an election that was caste by polling votes in a leaf and placing in a
pot. The person stating in these elections should have a prescribed minimum
amount of land and paid taxes and should not have had any prior criminal
records. Several village chiefs chose the chief known as Perumal (living god).
The Perumals post was one time tenure of 12 years. Later with change in time
the Perumals became kings and their sons became the succeeding kings. When a
king died without heir the next king or queen was chosen with the help of the
kings elephant. After prayers in the kings temple, the royal kings elephant was
given a garland and taken through the streets. On whom ever the elephant places
the garland became the next king or queen. They also elected representatives of
villages by placing the list of names all willing participants in a basket and
prayed the village god or goddess and then picked a draw. Whose ever name came
in the draw became a representative. But Chola Kings in the Mallar Race brings
the election process namely Kudavozhai methods for selection of peoples
representatives among the society. This method of polling votes still practices
by the Government of India in various forms.
Traditional
Evidence for Devendirar as a Mallar Race
Devendirar are still expressing
their superiority by the way of traditional true historic story. The main theme
of the paddy story reveals that the paddy was originally brought in to the
southern parts of the Tamil Nadu from Nepal, Thailand and its adjacent areas by
their superior God Indra i.e Buddha. One day the Devendirar were prepared the
food to their living god. The god asked about the taste of food and the God express
congrats to Devendirar. Finally the god asked to the Devendirar for the gift.
At that time the Devendirar collectively demanded to their God for the
allocation of lands and immediately the God allotted the land to the Devendirar
for paddy production. This story informs that the Devendirar are the original
owner of the paddy, ancient tribes i.e original inhabitant of India. The
Devendirar plays a vital role for the conversion of various uncultivable lands
into the cultivable lands. But the Devendirar were not aware the future impacts
on the expansion of uncultivable lands in to cultivable fertile lands. The
Great Mallar celebrated the festival known as Indra Vella for remembering their
vendan after the harvest of paddy. The tamil kings also celebrated Indra Vella
every year as the thanks giving festival to the their God Devendirar. The
Devendirar is agriculturist society and historically descendants of Lord
Indra. Hence Devendirar symbolically
used the objects owned by Lord Indra like white elephant, round white umbrella,
16 pillar building, and tent (pandal), 18 types of musical sounds for Indra’s
festival and their family festivals. Day-to-day activity shows the great evidence
of the rich heritage of devendirar had from ancient times. The Devendirar have
their own village self government (panchayat), special priests for their
temples, barbers, dobbies, doctors in their villages.
Devendirar also have their own temples
that ...are called as king temples (Rasakkal Kovil). In ancient temples like Perur,
Samayaburam, Tirunelvelli and so on were constructed by the ancestors of
Devendirar Kings. For remembering the same, the descendents of the ancient
Kings are traditionally (Devendirar) brought in to the temple with festivities
on elephant with white umbrella coverage, playing trumpts and drums. The
Devendirar leader starts the temple festivals by the way of touching the temple
caravan (thear). This type of first respect is still practiced in various
temples, which show the rich heritage people and their ancestors are the great
kings. Hence the descendents of Great Kings are respected during the temple
festivals. These were the privileges only the ancient Tamil kings had and were
passed on to their descendents that still continues.
The ownership documents viz., pattayam
signed during 1500s clearly show that the palani murugan temple and numerous
ancient temples were constructed by the ancestors of Devendirar King. The
ancient temples bridge the relation between the ancient kings and their
descendents namely Devendirar otherwise know as Devendira Kula Vellar. Stonescriptures
(kalvettu) and inscription written in the 1500s states that the Devendirar are
the descendents of the pandya dynasty. The Great Mallar race , Devendirar
always obedience to the truth and more cautious to the life ethics as well as
dharma. Some other same racial peoples are Vanniar (Pallai and Padaiyatchi),
Magar, Malla and Kunbhi etc.
Importance of Devendirar for
Indian Freedom as well as Social Reformation
Once upon a time, Veerapandiya
kattabomman refused to remit the kist (tax) to the British collector Jackson
Durai. Hence unforeseen scuffle caused due to refusal of the kist (tax). So the
collector's deputy lt.clark tried to attack the palayakkarar Veerapandiya
Kattabomman.however, the palayakkarar was saved by the great warrior
“sundaralinga kudumban” after killing the lt. Clark. The veerapandiya
kattabomman, overwhelmed by the timely intervention of"Sundaralinga
Kudumban” and promoted him as a army chief in veerapandiya kattabomman's army during
the 18th century Ad. The great warrior, "Sundaralinga Kudumban” worked as
an able and brave deputy army chief (thalapathy) for the palayakkarar Veerapandiya
Kattabomman. He was the origin of kavarnagiri village near oddapidaram,
thoothukudi district, tamilnadu, india. He fight against the british rulers and
finally died along with his beloved wife during the first freedom fight with
british army. He was a world’s first suicide bomber against the British ruler
in India and he was the first person opened the eyes of Indian for freedom from
British. He destroyed the majority of British army peoples as well as their
weapon godown.
Pulidevan’s army chief
Peria Kaladi fights against the british ruler’s trained army force (kumbini
padai). However, the pulidevan kingdom was saved by the Peria Kaladi after
killing all the kumbini warriors. For
remembering the great warrior “Paria Kaladi”, the place still called as “kaladi
medu” located at Nerkattum Sevval, Thirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu, India.
Immannuvel Sekaran was participated the
British Army during the second world war to protect the India and then he
entered in the social reformation by the way of eradication of untouchability among the Tamil Speaking
groups in Tamil Nadu. He also fights against the caste Hindus for social
justice to the Tamil Peoples over a decade. Finally the Great Social Reformer
as well as warrior murdered by the caste Hindus on September, 11 in the year
1957 at Paramakudi. The ruling government of India as well as Governement of
Tamil Nadu fails to respect the greatest Freedom Warrior as well as Social
Reformer Thiyagi Immannuvel Sekaran.
Some important great
warriors of Devendirar fight against the british army force were Venni Kaladi
Kudumbanar, Nallamadan Kudumbanar, Kulasekara Pattinam Mooppan, Muthukkudumbanar,
Karuppanan Kaladi and Ramasamy Devendirar etc. But the Devendirar warriors are
not in the knowledge of the Indian government and forget to remember the great
warriors of Devendirar.
Some other greatest reformers in Devendirar
are Thekkampatty Balasundararaj, Thevaneya Bhavanar, Shri.Theva Asirvatham, Shri.Malaichamy,
Shri.Jonh Pandian, Shri.Pasupathi Pandian, Shri.Gurusamy Chiddan, Shri.Kalia
Perumal, Shri.Suba.Annamalai, Shri.Krishnaswamy, Shri.Murugavel Rajan, Shri.Durai
Arasan and shri. Jeevan Kumar. However, Devendirar social reformer shall
concentrate on the consolidation of Devendirar under one umbrella for the
achievement of Socio Economic Status of the Great Mallar Race.
The
Origin of Untouchablility to Great Mallar race Devendirar
According to the Vedic concept
each `Manu` ruled during a longest geographical period, which was called `Manvantara`.
The manusmriti known
as "Laws Of Manu" the foundational work of brahmin law, written in India during the period of
2nd Century A ...d. The smritis contain laws, rules, and codes of
conduct to be applied by individuals, communities and the nations. Manusmriti
was written after the collapse of Buddhism and was written as a new
constitution to grow Brahmanism and with an intention to root out those
that opposed Brahmanism. In order to prevail and uphold Brahmanism the
caste system was introduced and various stories were written and new
stories were added / inserted at that time and then existing known historic
stories like Mahabharata and Ramayana to give a confusing picture as if caste
system existed in India since civilization existed in India. Manu's rules made
provision to ex-communicate people that did not adopt Brahmanism. The people
(great ruling dynasties of ancient and middle ages in India that
opposed Brahmanism) gradually became untouchables over a period of several
generations.
During the time of Manu (2nd century ad)
the descendants of the rulers at the actual time of mahabharata that
became poor during Manu's time were branded by Manu as bastards. The kings that
did not adopt Brahmanism during Manu's time were branded as 'degraded
kings - vratya kshatriyas' and manu gave rules as how these kings can
become noble kings by adopting brahmanism and by supporting brahmins. The kings
and his descendants that did not adopt and support brahmanism were left in the
vratya kshatriyas category and were
ex-communicated once they lost power. These were the people that gradually
became untouchables. In 3rd century ad, the Great War against the
brahmins in the name of kalabirars also engaged by the Devendirar. To hide
these historic facts brahmins kept modifying history and wrote stories and
cleverly covered this under the disguise of religion. The british also aided
the brahmins to do this. So unfortunately till now the true history of caste
and untouchables were hidden.
Once upon a time, Marutham land Mallars i.e
Devendirar were started the activities such as domestication of animal for
agricultural operation, utilization of cattle waste in to organic manure,
conversion of the uncultivable lands in to cultivable agricultural lands for the
food production. At the time brahmins engaged the cattle rearing activities.
They used the cattle for milk, milk products, yagasala usage, and meat purpose.
Due to conversion of waste land into cultivable lands, the brahmins were faced
the problems such as reducing the area under grazing and protest against the
cattle (cow and bullock) usage at yahasala and flesh as a food. Hence
Devendirar were made enemies to the Brahmins. Finally brahmins stopped the
above activities and start the problems to the Devendirar in various forms.
Reasons for Devendirar’s untouchability
The Mallar were farmers,
landlords, and administrators during peacetime and were warriors during
wartime. There were several classifications of workers that supported the
civilization and these workers married whom they wanted and performed what job
they wanted. There was no caste in india at that time. But as the mallar did
not adopt / support brahamanism. The new introduction of paddy helps to the
peoples of all society in various ways such as reduction of child death rate.
Because the liquid rice mixing used as a food to the child along with mother’s
milk. The Devendirar were very proud about the timely introduction of paddy and
afterwards Devendirar extend their paddy growing area. It was drastically
affects the brahmin’s traditional cattle rearing profession by the way of
reduction in the grazing area. Hence brahmins got angry with the Devendirar. It
was the original root cause for Devendirar’s untouchability. Some other reasons
for Devendirar’s untouchables are stated below:
1. Devendirar
never accepts the brahmins dominated administration in the jamin as wells tamil
kingdom.
2. Devendirar
never hears the brahmins manthras as well as fake and fabricated story.
3. Devendirar
were not at all accepting the brahmins vedha and their methods of worship.
4. Devendirar
not worshipped the hindu’s god, but the Devendirar worshipped their ancestors
and village amman ( devathai).
5. Devendirar
not used the brahmin as a family mantravathy.
6. Devendirar
not used the brahmins mantra’s and purokitham for their family function, but
the Devendirar used the vathiriyar’s presence for their function.
7. Devendirar
were not allowed in to the temple due to prevent their ownership rights to
their ancestor temple as well as temple land over the period. However the
Devendirar fight against these injustices over periods of 400 years time in
India.
8. Devendirar
adopts the method of disposal of age old person’s death body in to the soil and
young ones body burned in to ashes.
9. Devendirar
never eats the bullock and cow’s meat even now.
The above reasons are the strong
points, which was irritating to the Brahmins. The Devendirar’s activity was
entirely opposite to the Brahmin’s Law. Hen ...ce the brahmins systematically move
against the Devendirar.
Hence the Brahmins touch the
major strong areas of Devendirar such as land, family, and buddism. Day by day
the Devendirar were strongly affected by the brahmins unwanted action. Because
the Brahmins abuse the great Devendirar such as Devendirar were undisciplined
people in the Marutham and they made illegal contact with more number of ladies
for fulfilling their sexual needs. This type of untruthful message passed to
the other Tamil Speaking groups. Hence the Devendirar were isolated from the other
Tamil speaking groups. Then brahmins go ahead with the land issues. The lands
belonging to the Devendirar were forced to bring their saiva and vishnava
temples. Because the ruling kings always demand the brahmins help for their
kingdom. Due to this reason the Devendirar were lost their majority of lands in
the name of temple. Then the Devendirar were forced to work as a bonded labour
on their own lands. Latter on the education as well as basic rights were not
allowed to the Devendirar. One day the Brahmins supported tamil kings were
defeated by the muslim king as well as telugu king. At that time Brahmins
change their direction to the newly formed kingdom. Then lands of the temple
split by the Brahmins, telugu loyal peoples as well as telugu king.
Finally the followers of Buddha were
killed by the Brahmins along with their supporters. The Brahmin King also
passed the law and order denotes that the Buddha Palli peoples (particularly
Mallar Racial peoples of Devendirar) must be killed in the kingdom and the
killers were remunerated by the
Brahmins and their Loyal Kings on the basis of counting the number of death
heads of Buddha Palli peoples particularly Devendirar. At the time majority of
the Devendirar were killed by the Brahmins and their loyal Kings and also
forced to convert the Devendirar as a Hindu. The Devendirar were excommunicated
from the other Tamil speaking groups and were gradually made untouchables over
a period of 200 to 300 years by the Brahmins. But the Devendirar are not at all
thinking as they are Untouchables, if any injustice against to their peoples
means the entire Devendirar stands in one line against the injustice. However,
the Devendirar listed in the Schedule
Caste due to their economic status.
During
the end of 14th century vijayanagar army chiefs came to madurai and
defeated the muslim rulers and the vijayanagar army chief established his rule
in madurai. Gradually vijayanagar army and citizens moved to chola and pandian
kingdom and removed the privileges of the tamil elite removal of land ownership
from Mallar i.e Devendirar and forcibly
transfered ownership of land and title to telugu kings, telugu brahmins and
others who supported the Telugu rule. New rules were passed to stop
contact with Pandian and their relatives by general citizens. Rule were passed
to prevent contact and intermarriage between the 18 worker communities that
supported the tamil society and tamil kings, nayaks encouraged Pallu literature
and changed name of the successors of tamil kings and their relatives from Mallar
to Pallan. Due to censure, low status and avoidance of contact with supporters
of tamil kings many of the mallars migrated to Kerala (Mannradiar), Ceylon and Malayasia.
The nayaks allowed other tribes to plunder the Mallas, motivated other
communities to challenge the mallas and to claim their title, elevated
the status and privilege of supporters of telugu rule, telugu brahmins and
encouraged sanskrit. Hence
the mallars were ex-communicated, and then gradually over the next 300
years, their lands were removed and given to other new formed upper castes that
were loyal to telugu kings.
The buddism was strongly followed by the Devendirar.
The buddha priest frequently stayed among the Devendirar. In hilly area, the stone was made for the
sleeping place to the buddha priest. In hilly area place was established for
the education as well as health care of the people. The place was called as
buddha palli. The buddha palli were destroyed by the brahmins and their loyal
telugu kings. Hence one day the Devendirar conduct the protest against the
telugu kings as well as brahmins. Hence the Devendirar fight against with
telugu as well as other telugu loyal tamil speaking group. Finally the brahmins
as well as telugu kings concluded for the destruction of Devendirar by the
silent way to destroy the Devendirar’s history.
The eradication of one social group’s history
i.e removal of identity alone sufficient to kill the entire social groups,
which is thousand time more powerful than direct killing of individual in the
social group. Hence the Buddha Palli peoples were called as a nick name Palli, Palla
and Pallan. This was the first steps to destruction of the history of Devendirar.
Then the sitting ruler engaged for the writing about the pallu poem. Willfully they wrote the poems to
destruction of Devendira Kula Vell .alar and their history in the name of Pallu
Poem. The Mallar race was named as Pallar and was made as agricultural bonded
labourers in their own land. Then after a few generations they were
made as bonded labourers and then were removed of all basic human
rights (prevented from having education, access to public places and temples
built by their own ancestors, prohibition from wearing ornaments and dress on
the upper part of the body, shoes etc). To hide the truth that all temples
built up to 16th century Ad were built by the ancestors of these people,
attempts were made to hide temple paintings by redrawing new paintings on the
old ones (tanjavur periya koyil, mariamman kovil). After the Mallar -humiliated
as Pallar, went through several distress, oppression and quarantine, many of
them converted to christianity, islam but many still remain as ancestor’s
worship. But now they are called as Hindu. So the Devendirar peoples are still
fighting against the nick name Pallan and Palli in the name of place name. But
still school is other wise called as palli and muslim’s worship place is
otherwise called as palli vasal. But the Devendirar were the buddism group and
educated in the buddha palli. Hence Devendirar were nick name as Palli and
Pallan. It is not correct to calling the original inhabitant as well as long
traditional civilized group as a Pallan. Hence immediate attention is required
to change the name of Pallan and their sub groups as mentioned earlier such as Pallan, Kudumban, Kaladi, Pannadi, Mannadi, Palagan,
Vaigarar, Devendrakulathar, Mooppan, Kadaignyar into Devendirar.
Because all the groups are collectively referred as Devendira Kula Vellalar.
In 1932 the British gave the self-autonomy
to Indians, 1000s of new castes sprung up claiming superiority on one over the
other. Several actions were directed by other communities to keep the Pallar at
a low profile for fear of the other communities (new formed higher castes)
loosing their claim for high caste and land ownership. In 1957 the Pallar, Devendirar
community was included to the scheduled caste by Kamaraj, then chief minister
of Tamilnadu, owing to the poverty of the community.
Conclusion
Day-to-day activity
shows evidence of the rich heritage of Devendirar with effect from ancient
times. The community people have their own village self Government. Once the
rulers of the malla dynasty as well as moovender race now lost their power and
refugee in their own country, bonded labourer in their own soil and face the
untouchability of their normal life. The Devendirar demands the Government for
the replacement of sub names viz., Pallan, Kudumban, Kaladi, Pannadi, Mannadi,
Palagan, Vaigarar, Devendrakulathar, Mooppan, Vathiriyar and Kadaignyar in to
Devendira Kula Vellalar i.e Devendirar. But the government not at all listens
to the Devendirar’s demand. However, the Devendirar are historically Buddhists.
The Devendirar’s social change is required for the development of the society.
May Lord Devendirar and his noble eight spokes life ethics alone safeguard the
Devendirar. The Devendirar also hopes that life sacra always rotate in all
direction, in a short period of time the Great Mallar Race Devendirar will get
the empowerment only due to the consolidation of Devendirar in the name of our
ancestor’s life ethics with Devendirar worship in connection with the eight
spokes life ethics i.e Buddha ideology, because Devendirar are historically
Buddhist.
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